Who serves as the President of the Senate?

The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate. In this role, the Vice President is responsible for presiding over Senate sessions and ensuring that rules are followed during debates. This position not only allows the Vice President to participate in Senate proceedings but also provides the power to cast a tie-breaking vote when there is an equal division among Senators.

The other choices do not fulfill the role of the Senate President in the same capacity. The Speaker of the House leads the House of Representatives, and while the Senate Majority Leader plays a significant role in guiding legislation and representing the majority party in the Senate, they do not preside over the Senate’s sessions. Lastly, the Chief Justice oversees the Supreme Court and does not have a direct role in the Senate's proceedings. Thus, the Vice President being the designated presider over the Senate is a key aspect of the constitutional structure of the U.S. government.