What is a unique power of the U.S. Senate not held by the U.S. House?

The unique power of the U.S. Senate that is not held by the U.S. House is the authority to approve treaties. This power is outlined in the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Article II, Section 2, which states that the Senate has the ability to ratify treaties negotiated by the President with a two-thirds majority vote. This process is essential in determining the foreign policy and international agreements of the United States.

While both chambers of Congress have the authority to initiate impeachment proceedings, it is the House that formally brings charges against a federal official, while the Senate conducts the trial and ultimately decides whether to remove the official from office. Therefore, while impeachment proceedings involve both chambers, the unique role of treaty approval is solely a function of the Senate.

The Speaker of the House is also a position not found in the Senate, as the Speaker is elected by the members of the House of Representatives to preside over its sessions, highlighting another structural difference but not a unique power comparable to treaty ratification. In summary, the Senate's power to approve treaties highlights its role in foreign relations, distinguishing it from the functions of the House of Representatives.