How many electors does each state have in the Electoral College?

The correct answer reflects the structure of the Electoral College as established by the U.S. Constitution. Each state is allocated a number of electors equal to the total number of its Senators and Representatives in Congress. Since every state has two Senators and at least one Representative, this means that smaller states have a minimum of three electors, while larger states have more based on their population.

This arrangement promotes a balance between representation in Congress and the Electoral College, ensuring that smaller states maintain a meaningful voice in the presidential election process. The inclusion of Senators alongside Representatives acknowledges the equal status of states in the Senate, regardless of population, contributing to the federal balance of power.

The other options don't correctly represent how electors are apportioned. For example, having a fixed number of electors solely based on Senators would not reflect population size, which could diminish the voices of larger states. Similarly, basing electors solely on population could lead to an imbalance where less populous states might be overshadowed in the electoral process. The fourth option regarding one elector for each district does not apply, as electors are tied to both Senate and House representation, not just congressional districts.