How are major federal office appointments generally made?

Major federal office appointments are made by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. This process is established in the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Article II, Section 2, which grants the President the power to nominate individuals for certain key positions, including Cabinet members, federal judges, and ambassadors. However, these nominations must be confirmed by a majority vote in the Senate before the appointees can officially assume their roles.

This answer reflects the established system of checks and balances in the U.S. government. It prevents any single branch from having unchecked power in the appointment process, ensuring that both the executive and legislative branches are involved. Additionally, it allows for scrutiny and deliberation over the qualifications and suitability of candidates for major federal positions.

The other options do not accurately represent the constitutional process. The Senate alone does not have the authority to make appointments; it plays a role in the confirmation. The House of Representatives does not participate in this process as their responsibilities are primarily related to legislative functions. The Supreme Court is not involved in appointment decisions but rather in judicial review.